How perception affects us: the forms and types of perception (2023)

How does perception affect us?perceptionit is our sensory experience of the world around us. This includes recognizing environmental stimuli and actions that are responses to those stimuli.perceptionit is the key to gaining information and understanding the world around us. Without them we could not survive in this world full of stimuli that surrounds us. Because perception not only shapes our experience of the world, it also allows us to act on our environment. To learn more about thecognitive abilityof perception and how perception affects us, read more below!

Perception plays a central role in your five senses: being able to touch, see, taste, smell and hear. It is involved in proprioception, which is a set of senses that detectchanges in postureand movements. Perception also plays a role in thiscognitive processesnecessary for the brain to process information, such as recognizing the face of someone you know or recognizing familiar smells.

How does perception work?

How does perception affect us? The process of perception is a series of steps starting with the environment that leads to our perception of a stimulus and then an action is produced.replyto this attraction. What's amazing is that this process is ongoing and happens all the time, even if you're not aware of it. OurbrainsTake in lots of stimuli from the environment, from the food we tasted to the feel of the keyboard we typed to the chirping of birds above our windows. This process often occurs unconsciously and automatically, as when light hits your retina and converts it into reality.Imagine your brainI can understand. WhichThe brain absorbs important stimuli in this perception system and adapts to them.to repetitive and unnecessary stimuli, so that we are not overwhelmed by all the sensations around us.

The steps involved in the perception process are:

1. Environmental stimuli

That is, everything in our environment that has the potential to be noticed. It can include things that can be seen, touched, tasted, smelled, heard, or even received by our proprioceptive senses.

2. Transmission

These signals are picked up by the sense organs and converted into messages that can be interpreted by the brain.

3. Neural processing

During conversion, electrical signals follow a specific path depending on which signal has just arrived (such as a sound signal or a visual signal). Many ofneuronsin your body are interconnected in their own complex maps. This oneelectrical signals passing through these neurons are relayed to the brain by receptor cells.

What are thebrain areas?

4. Perception

Here we come to the point. In the perception phase, we actually perceive and become aware of the stimulus object that has influenced us from our environment.

5. Recognition

Here we interpret these environmental stimuli and give them meaning. Although cognition means becoming aware of a stimulus that is present, when we understand that stimulus, we actually recognize it.

6. Action

As a result, we perform some kind of action in response to this environmental stimulus. Most often, the action phase depends on some type of motor activity occurring in response to the perceived and recognized stimulus. This can include a variety of actions such as: Examples include turning your head when someone calls your name, chewing and swallowing food after tasting it, and even running to a person in need.

How Perception Affects Us: Types of Perception

1. depth andSpatial perception

This is a person's ability to perceive distance. It is extremely important to recognize distances in the real world, such as the distance between me and another person and the space between objects. Depth/spatial perception involves the ability to perceive objects in motion, such as vehicles traveling on roads. Factors such as the first, second and third dimensions play a role in our understanding of depth perception.

Spatial perceptionit is possible due to certain cues in our environment that help us understand the distance between various objects in space. There are two types of hints:

one. monocular notes

They are tips that can be operated with the help of just one eye. Some of them includestraight line perspective, which lets us know whether objects are close or far away. Images of distant objects appear smaller to us.Aerial Perspectivethis is when objects that are closer to us appear brighter than distant objects.interpositionis when one object obstructs our view of another, so that the object in front of it appears closer than the partially obscured one.gradient structurethis is when regions of objects closest to the viewer have a coarse texture with lots of detail, while objects farther away get progressively finer.

b. binocular notes

These are cues that can only work with the function of both eyes. The two binocular cues areretinal disparityeconvergence Divergence🇧🇷 Retinal disparity occurs when the image of the falling object is different from both retinas. This happens more often when objects are closer than far away. Eyeball convergence/divergence occurs when the object moves closer and closer to our eyes, so our eyeballs converge, and when the object moves away from us, the eyeballs diverge.

2. Movement Perception

We understand when objects move because certain objects appear in different places at different times. This is a natural process we dolearnsince birth. It is only through this ability that an individual can make sense of the world around them and perceive dangers or threats in motion, which is critical for survival.

In a phenomenon calledapparent movement, we perceive moving objects when they are actually stationary. So it becomes an illusion when we perceive objects that are not moving to actually move. An example of this is when we are moving quickly in a bus or car and the trees, plants and houses we pass seem to be moving in the opposite direction. Obviously, these objects don't move, but we actually perceive them as moving.

Another cool example of this is the movies we watch, or what used to be called "moving pictures". Character movements in movies appear to be moving, but they are not. What movies really are are real movie frames moving very, very quickly to create a sense of movement known asstrobe motionor thephi phenomenon🇧🇷 The same goes for moving picture booklets, where artists flip through the margins of a book and the drawings give the impression of activity.

3. Shape perception

This is the ability to recognize objects in a specific way within a specific environment. CorrespondingGestaltPsychologists, different laws govern how we perceive different patterns in space.

It islaw of proximitystates that when we perceive a collection of objects, we will see objects that are close together as a group. It also affects how we view photos and movies. If you zoomed in a lot on the images on your computer screen, you would see the pixels working together to form the image. When we look at a complete image, we don't see every pixel; instead, we see it as a whole object based on the law of proximity.

It islaw of similaritystates that elements are grouped perceptually if they are similar to each other. Color plays an important role in this grouping. Think again about the pixels that make up a photo. On closer inspection, the pixels in an area are all similar or closely related shades of the same color to make up that image element.

It isground figure lawcaptures the idea that in the perception of a visual field, some objects assume a prominent role (the characters) while others remain in the background. For example, if you take a photo near a lake with beautiful hills andBankbehind you, you would be the central figure in the photo, while the water, mountains, sky, and other landscapes would be the ground.

It islaw of closurestates that when we apprehend objects that are not complete, we perceptually close them down, so that we perceive shapes in an image that are not really there. A classic example of this is lining up three incomplete Pac-Man circles in a pyramid, then using your perception to feel the triangle they form, even though no triangle is physically present in the image.

How Perception Affects Us: Factors Affecting Perception

perceptual learning

Based on past experience, special training, and knowledge of specific stimuli, each of us learns to emphasize certain sensory impressions and ignore others. For example, when I'm working on an upcoming assignment in my office, my sensory apparatus is more aware of the work ahead, such as the computer screen, the keyboard I'm typing on, or the pen I'm holding. , instead of focusing on him by concentrating on the sound of the clock next to me. That's because I've been trained for years to prioritize the work immediately in front of me, rather than minimizing the stimuli. Experience is always the best teacher for many perceptual skills.

mental sentence

This refers to how mentally prepared you are to receive sensory input. Anticipating specific stimuli keeps the person with fantastic attention and focus. For example, when I ride the New York subway, I pay more attention to the noiseI'm scaredcomes closer as the massive amount of noise comes from people playing music, children crying and other embarrassing noises.

motives and needs

The things you want and need will certainly affect your perception. An example of this is a starving person at a conference. Because he is very hungry, he is more likely to go into the hall to prepare food in the dining room. It is very difficult to divert your attention to other important things until your hunger is satisfied.

Cognitive Style

It is believed that people differ in the way they process information, and each of us has our own way of responding to stimuli. All individuals react to changing situations in specific ways. One thought is that people who are flexible and athletic respond more attentively to external pressures and stimuli and are less influenced by internal needs and motives.